Noun Phrase

Pengertian Noun Phrase

Noun Phrase adalah frasa antara noun, pronoun, atau number (berfungsi sebagai head) dan satu atau lebih modifier.

Ilustrasi

Frasa kata benda ini digunakan ketika single nountidak cukup spesifik untuk menunjuk suatu
kata benda.

Contoh Noun Phrase:

Anda ingin mengatakan ke teman ada bahwa seseorang wanita yang ada dikerumunan orang-orang adalah saudara anda. Maka anda dapat mengatakan:

The fair-skinned woman with a red T-shirt and black skirt is my sister.

Basic Noun Phrase

Komponen basic noun phrase terdiri dari:

§  determiners, yaitu: pre (multiplier, fraction, distributive, intensifier, exclamative), central (article, possessive, demonstrative), dan/atau post-determiner (number, quantifier).

§  head, yaitu: noun atau numeral/number.

Contoh basic noun phrase:

§  my bag

Keterangan: my= possessive, bag= head

§  the next page

Keterangan: the= article, next= number, page= head

Complex Noun Phrase

Komponen complex noun phrase terdiri dari:

§  Pre-modifiers, merupakan modifiers yang ditempatkan sebelum head, yaitu: determiners, adjective,adjective phrase , participle (active & passive), & kata benda lain.

§  Head, yaitu: noun, pronoun, atau number, dan/atau

§  Post-Modifiers, merupakan modifiers yang ditempatkan setelah head, yaitu: prepositional phrase,participle (active & passive), to infinite, relative cause, dan complementation.

Contoh complex noun phrase:

§  A love letter put on my bag

Keterangan: a= determiner, love= kata benda lain, letter= head, put= past participle, on my bag= prepositional phrase

§  The rich in the world who cares with the poor

Keterangan: the= determiner, rich= adjective, in the world= prepositional phrase, who cares with the poor= relative clause

Some examples of noun phrases are underlined in the sentences below. The head noun appears in bold.

The election year politics are annoying for many people.

Almost every sentence contains at least one noun phrase.

Current economic weakness may be a result of high energy prices.

Noun phrases can be identified by the possibility of pronoun substitution, as is illustrated in the examples below.

a. This sentence contains two noun phrases.

b. It contains them.

a. The subject noun phrase that is present in this sentence is long.

b. It is long.

a. Noun phrases can be embedded in other noun phrases.

b. They can be embedded in them.

COUNT AND NON-COUNT NOUNS

A count noun is something we can count. It has a singular form and a plural form.

ex: one book, three books; a leg, two legs; an apple, six apples;

N.B. A singular count noun must have a Determiner .

A non-count noun is something we don’t count. It has no plural form.

We use quantifiers before non-count nouns:

ex: fruit, some fruit; bread, a slice of bread; homework; a lot of homework; information, a little information

The following are non-count nouns:

Abstract nouns:

advice art beauty confidence courage crime education enjoyment experience fun grammar happiness education hate

health help homework honesty hospitality importance information intelligence justice knowledge laughter life love luck

music news noise nutrition patience patience pride progress slang time truth unemployment vocabulary work

Groups with individual parts

cash change clothing equipment food fruit furniture garbage

hardware homework jewelry junk junk luggage machinery mail

makeup money news postage research scenery slang traffic

Things with no definite form:

Liquids beer blood coffee cream gasoline honey juice milk oil shampoo soup tea water wine

Gases air carbon monoxide fire fog hydrogen oxygen pollution smoke steam

Solids butter cheese cotton film flour glass ice ice cream meat powder salt soap sugar toothpaste wood wool

Things that have tiny parts too small to count

corn dirt dust

grass hair rice

salt sugar wheat

Natural phenomena

darkness dew electricity fire fog gravity

heat humidity light lightning rain

snow sunshine thunder weather wind

Ailments

cancer cholera flu

heart disease malaria polio

smallpox strep throat

Academic subjects

art biology chemistry economics engineering

history linguistics literature mathematics

music physics poetry psychology science

Languages

Russian, Spanish, French, etc.

Words that can be count and non-count

Food (non-count) chicken lamb liver fish	Animal or animal part (count) a chicken a lamb a liver a fish
non-count wine food fruit meat education experience	count (means "a kind of ___") a wine, wines a food, foods a fruit, fruits a meat, meats an education an experience
non-count glass (the material) paper (the material) iron (the metal) fire (the gas) time (an abstract idea)	count a glass (something to put liquid in) a paper (a report or newspaper) an iron (for pressing clothes) a fire (one specific occurrence of fire) a time, times (a specific occurrence or period)

  

Determiners:

  

Articles: a/an (indefinite) the (definite) Demonstratives: this that these those

Possessives: my our yours their her his its

Quantifiers: some a few lots of several each every any most many all much no

http://faculty.washington.edu/marynell/grammar/noncount.html

http://www.wordsmile.com/noun-phrase-introduction

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Noun_phrase

http://learnenglish.britishcouncil.org/en/english-grammar/clause-phrase-and-sentence/noun-phrase